Green Sand
The mold is prepared by green sand and pouring is done in a sand mold with sand in its green or natural state is known as Green Sand Molding. For producing green sand the mixture is prepared, consisting of silica sand. The following ratio of the green sand.
1. Clay 10 to 15 %
2. Moisture 4 to 6 %
The clay and moisture content mixed and riddled it. If required to give proper tempering. After completion, the mixture of sand places the wooden board on the floor for spotting the flask drag part. Place the drag on the wooden board. The wooden board is not compulsory it is optional. After this, the pattern kept between the drag and cope if the pattern is singled. If The pattern is split first place the drag part of the pattern and parted off with the help of strike off bar. The sand is rammed properly and the box turned over. The second part of the pattern is placed in the position followed by cope. Runner and Riser are placed in position and filled the box with sand and rammed properly. At the runner taken out the pouring basin for smooth pouring the material in it. Vent wire is used to provide the vents. The boxes are assembled after removal of the pattern. The mold is prepared.
Dry Sand
This process is almost similar to the Greensand mold to expect the composition of sand. The composition is different from green sand. For preparing dry sand the special types of the binder are used such as resin, clay or molasses. This is used for producing a strong bond. Here again, the same process is repeated. After completion, the mixture of dry sand, place the drag and insert the pattern. As similarly when required the wooden board if the floor is not smooth then use the boar if not, that is not compulsory it is optional. After this, the pattern kept between the drag and cope. If the pattern is split first place the drag part of the pattern and excess sand is removed the help of strike off bar. The sand is rammed properly and the box turned over. The second part of the pattern is placed in the position followed by cope. Runner and Riser are placed in position and filled the box with sand and rammed properly. Here the same molding box is tempered with oven or stove. Remove the all moisture in the sand with the help of heat. The dry sand mold is prepared.
Loam Sand
The loam sand process is totally different from those two described above. First, the structure of the article is prepared by hand using brick and loam sand. By loam sand and bricks to make the desired shape by means of stickle and sweeps. This is a patternless process. The same procedure is done in the absence of pattern. After completion of the mold, it is baked to give strength. In this, the past of loam sand and clay is prepared for making the mold.
Facing Sand
It is called fat sand. The facing sand means this type of sand placed around the pattern. It is freshly prepared and well-tempered sand. Initial coating around the pattern surface given by facing sand.
Parting sand
The parting sand which is name indicated, this is used between two parts and around the pattern for safe removal. The two parts mean cope and drag. The parting sand placed upper surface of drag. The burnt sand and dry silica sand can be used as parting sand.
Floor, Black, and backing sand
These are an interchangeable term and all denoted the used sand which is left on the floor after the casting has done. The left sand can use by refining it. Before reusing it the sand is riddled properly to remove the foreign material like nails and fins. Such sand is called unit sand.
Core sand
The core sand has high silica sand content and used for making core is called core sand.
Oil Sand
The silica sand using oil binder is known as oil sand.
Molasses sand
In this type of sand, molasses is used as a binder. It is very useful for making a mold for small casting. It is also used for making a core.